/* $begin csapp.h */
#ifndef __CSAPP_H__
#define __CSAPP_H__

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <setjmp.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <semaphore.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>


/* Default file permissions are DEF_MODE & ~DEF_UMASK */
/* $begin createmasks */
#define DEF_MODE   S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR|S_IRGRP|S_IWGRP|S_IROTH|S_IWOTH
#define DEF_UMASK  S_IWGRP|S_IWOTH
/* $end createmasks */

/* Simplifies calls to bind(), connect(), and accept() */
/* $begin sockaddrdef */
typedef struct sockaddr SA;
/* $end sockaddrdef */

/* Persistent state for the robust I/O (Rio) package */
/* $begin rio_t */
#define RIO_BUFSIZE 8192
typedef struct {
    int rio_fd;                /* descriptor for this internal buf */
    int rio_cnt;               /* unread bytes in internal buf */
    char *rio_bufptr;          /* next unread byte in internal buf */
    char rio_buf[RIO_BUFSIZE]; /* internal buffer */
} rio_t;
/* $end rio_t */

/* External variables */
extern int h_errno;    /* defined by BIND for DNS errors */
extern char **environ; /* defined by libc */

/* Misc constants */
#define    MAXLINE     8192  /* max text line length */
#define MAXBUF   8192  /* max I/O buffer size */
#define LISTENQ  1024  /* second argument to listen() */

/* Our own error-handling functions */
void unix_error(char *msg);

void posix_error(int code, char *msg);

void dns_error(char *msg);

void app_error(char *msg);

/* Process control wrappers */
pid_t Fork(void);

void Execve(const char *filename, char *const argv[], char *const envp[]);

pid_t Wait(int *status);

pid_t Waitpid(pid_t pid, int *iptr, int options);

void Kill(pid_t pid, int signum);

unsigned int Sleep(unsigned int secs);

void Pause(void);

unsigned int Alarm(unsigned int seconds);

void Setpgid(pid_t pid, pid_t pgid);

pid_t Getpgrp();

/* Signal wrappers */
typedef void handler_t(int);

handler_t *Signal(int signum, handler_t *handler);

void Sigprocmask(int how, const sigset_t *set, sigset_t *oldset);

void Sigemptyset(sigset_t *set);

void Sigfillset(sigset_t *set);

void Sigaddset(sigset_t *set, int signum);

void Sigdelset(sigset_t *set, int signum);

int Sigismember(const sigset_t *set, int signum);

/* Unix I/O wrappers */
int Open(const char *pathname, int flags, mode_t mode);

ssize_t Read(int fd, void *buf, size_t count);

ssize_t Write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count);

off_t Lseek(int fildes, off_t offset, int whence);

void Close(int fd);

int Select(int n, fd_set *readfds, fd_set *writefds, fd_set *exceptfds,
           struct timeval *timeout);

int Dup2(int fd1, int fd2);

void Stat(const char *filename, struct stat *buf);

void Fstat(int fd, struct stat *buf);

/* Memory mapping wrappers */
void *Mmap(void *addr, size_t len, int prot, int flags, int fd, off_t offset);

void Munmap(void *start, size_t length);

/* Standard I/O wrappers */
void Fclose(FILE *fp);

FILE *Fdopen(int fd, const char *type);

char *Fgets(char *ptr, int n, FILE *stream);

FILE *Fopen(const char *filename, const char *mode);

void Fputs(const char *ptr, FILE *stream);

size_t Fread(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, FILE *stream);

void Fwrite(const void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, FILE *stream);

/* Dynamic storage allocation wrappers */
void *Malloc(size_t size);

void *Realloc(void *ptr, size_t size);

void *Calloc(size_t nmemb, size_t size);

void Free(void *ptr);

/* Sockets interface wrappers */
int Socket(int domain, int type, int protocol);

void Setsockopt(int s, int level, int optname, const void *optval, int optlen);

void Bind(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *my_addr, int addrlen);

void Listen(int s, int backlog);

int Accept(int s, struct sockaddr *addr, socklen_t *addrlen);

void Connect(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *serv_addr, int addrlen);

/* DNS wrappers */
struct hostent *Gethostbyname(const char *name);

struct hostent *Gethostbyaddr(const char *addr, int len, int type);

/* Pthreads thread control wrappers */
void Pthread_create(pthread_t *tidp, pthread_attr_t *attrp,
                    void *(*routine)(void *), void *argp);

void Pthread_join(pthread_t tid, void **thread_return);

void Pthread_cancel(pthread_t tid);

void Pthread_detach(pthread_t tid);

void Pthread_exit(void *retval);

pthread_t Pthread_self(void);

void Pthread_once(pthread_once_t *once_control, void (*init_function)());

/* POSIX semaphore wrappers */
void Sem_init(sem_t *sem, int pshared, unsigned int value);

void P(sem_t *sem);

void V(sem_t *sem);

/* Rio (Robust I/O) package */
ssize_t rio_readn(int fd, void *usrbuf, size_t n);

ssize_t rio_writen(int fd, void *usrbuf, size_t n);

void rio_readinitb(rio_t *rp, int fd);

ssize_t rio_readnb(rio_t *rp, void *usrbuf, size_t n);

ssize_t rio_readlineb(rio_t *rp, void *usrbuf, size_t maxlen);

/* Wrappers for Rio package */
ssize_t Rio_readn(int fd, void *usrbuf, size_t n);

void Rio_writen(int fd, void *usrbuf, size_t n);

void Rio_readinitb(rio_t *rp, int fd);

ssize_t Rio_readnb(rio_t *rp, void *usrbuf, size_t n);

ssize_t Rio_readlineb(rio_t *rp, void *usrbuf, size_t maxlen);

/* Client/server helper functions */
int open_clientfd(char *hostname, int portno);

int open_listenfd(int portno);

/* Wrappers for client/server helper functions */
int Open_clientfd(char *hostname, int port);

int Open_listenfd(int port);

#endif /* __CSAPP_H__ */
/* $end csapp.h */
